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Bladder exstrophy
This rare birth defect occurs when the bladder develops outside the fetus during pregnancy. The condition can be repaired with surgery.
Ureteral obstruction
Learn about what causes blockage of the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, tests you might need and how the condition can be treated.
Vesicoureteral reflux
Learn about what happens if urine flows backward from the bladder. Usually found in children, this condition boosts the risk of urinary tract infections.
Hydronephrosis
Learn about this condition that occurs when urine doesn't drain properly from the upper urinary tract, leading to kidney swelling.
Spina bifida
Learn about this condition in which an unborn baby's spine and spinal cord don't form properly. Surgery during pregnancy may be a treatment option.
Hypospadias
Hypospadias is a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis instead of the tip. Learn about treatment.
Cavernous malformations
Understand the signs and symptoms that may occur when blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord are tightly packed and contain slow-moving blood.
Group B strep disease
This common bacterium, usually harmless in healthy adults, can cause serious illness in newborns and adults with certain chronic conditions, such as diabetes.
Metachromatic leukodystrophy
This rare genetic disorder causes fatty substances (sulfatides) to build up in your brain and nervous system, causing progressive loss of nerve function.
Cerebral palsy
Learn about this group of conditions that affect movement. It's caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before birth.