Consumer health basics
Learning Center
Hypospadias
Hypospadias is a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis instead of the tip. Learn about treatment.
Vesicoureteral reflux
Learn about what happens if urine flows backward from the bladder. Usually found in children, this condition boosts the risk of urinary tract infections.
Transposition of the great arteries
This serious, rare heart problem present at birth requires surgery to correct. Learn about its symptoms and treatment.
Vascular rings
Learn more about this condition in which malformations of the aortic arch encircle the windpipe and esophagus and can press against them.
Undescended testicle
Learn about causes, complications and treatment of this condition in which one or both testicles aren't in the usual place within the scrotum.
Cerebral palsy
Learn about this group of conditions that affect movement. It's caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before birth.
Rheumatic fever
Learn about this complication of strep throat and scarlet fever and what you can do to prevent it.
Cavernous malformations
Understand the symptoms that may occur when blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord are tightly packed and contain slow-moving blood.
Hepatitis B
This highly contagious virus can cause long-lasting problems if it goes untreated. Learn about the symptoms, treatment and prevention of this serious liver infection.
Diabetes insipidus
Learn more about this unusual disorder that disrupts the body's fluid balance, causing too much urination and possibly leading to dehydration.
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